Lesson 6: Location - に & が
Goal:
Learn to say that something explains in a specific location.
Learn to say that something explains in a specific location.
New Vocabulary |
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Nouns
がっこう ... School しょうにん ... Merchant ばけもの ... Monster きょうかい ... Church おうさま ... King みち ... Road しろ ... Castle うま ... Horse いぬ ... Dog ねこ ... Cat まほう ... Magic ねこ ... Cat しか ... Deer うし ... Cow |
Verbs
います ...Exist (animate) あります ...Exist (inanimate) Particles に ... Non Action Point が ... Subject marker Questions どこ ... Where |
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New Grammar
います vs. あります
- Both verbs mean “exist”, as in “A zombie exists”, or “a pencil exists”, or “There is a pencil here”
- Both can mean “have”, as in “I have a cat” or “I have a pencil”. However, there is a better verb that will be introduced later.
- あります is used for anything that does not move on its own.
- います is used for anything that can move on its own.
- The subject marker が is the REAL subject marker.
- The difference between が and は is emphasis. はemphasizes and contrasts, が just says "the subject".
- Mastering the difference between the two particles is difficult, and I screw up frequently.
- The particle に comes after the location of a thing.
- The word before に tells you where something is.
- に is not used to tell the location of an action.
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Examples
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Practice
(1) You’re in a town, ask someone where the following are.
- The barbarians.
- The King.
- The magic School.
- The church of (insert deity name).
- The castle.
- A mace.
- Swords.
- The Horse.
- The goblin’s dagger.
- A fighter’s armor.
- The king’s shield.
- The monster’s cat.
- The rogue’s horse
(2) Someone might have stolen from your party. Tell your party leader what each party member has!
The Rogue's Inventory:
Armor; Daggers; Sword; Bow
The Fighter's Inventory:
Armor; Mace; Sword; Axe
The Wizard's Inventory:
Pen; Book; Staff; Dog
The Rogue's Inventory:
Armor; Daggers; Sword; Bow
The Fighter's Inventory:
Armor; Mace; Sword; Axe
The Wizard's Inventory:
Pen; Book; Staff; Dog
(3) Your party is asked the following questions by the party leader. Answer the questions!
ドルイド は ねこ が います か。
ファイター は よろい が あります か。
クレリック は たて が あります か。
ウィザード は ほん が あります か。
バード は いぬ が います か。
ソーサラー は つえ が あります か。
ドルイド は ねこ が います か。
ファイター は よろい が あります か。
クレリック は たて が あります か。
ウィザード は ほん が あります か。
バード は いぬ が います か。
ソーサラー は つえ が あります か。
(4) You're a rogue. You were asked to scout ahead and report back what you saw.
Party Leader: “What did you see?” (The first one is a zombie, with a mace)
Party Leader: “What did you see?” (The first one is a zombie, with a mace)